Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākeke kemika Hikina Hema ma luna o kahi hui mea kūʻai nui, ka hana haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, a me nā kulekele palupalu. Wahi a kekahi poʻe o ka ʻoihana ua like loa ke kaiapuni mākeke kemika o kēia manawa ma Hikina Hema me ko Kina i nā makahiki 1990. Me ka ʻike o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kemika o Kina, ua maopopo loa ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākeke Hikina Hema. No laila, he nui nā ʻoihana e nānā ana i mua e hoʻonui ikaika ana i ka ʻoihana kemika Hikina Hema, e like me ke kaulahao ʻoihana epoxy propane a me ke kaulahao ʻoihana propylene, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kā lākou hoʻopukapuka kālā ma ka mākeke Vietnam.
(1) ʻO ke kalapona ʻeleʻele ka kemika nui loa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku mai Kina a i Thailand
Wahi a nā helu helu ʻikepili dute, ʻo ka nui o ke kalapona ʻeleʻele i hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku mai Kina a i Thailand i ka makahiki 2022 ua kokoke i 300,000 tone, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokuʻu kemika nui loa i waena o nā kemika nui i helu ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia ke kalapona ʻeleʻele i ka laholio ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika (e nānā i nā mea hoʻoikaika) a me ka mea hoʻopiha ma o ka hui ʻana i ka hana ʻana i ka laholio, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana kaila.
He pauka ʻeleʻele ka ʻeleʻele kalapona i hana ʻia e ka puhi piha ʻana a i ʻole ka pyrolysis o nā hydrocarbons, me nā mea nui he kalapona a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka oxygen a me ka sulfur. ʻO ke kaʻina hana he puhi ʻana a i ʻole pyrolysis, kahi e kū nei i kahi ʻano wela kiʻekiʻe a hele pū ʻia me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu. I kēia manawa, he kakaikahi nā hale hana ʻeleʻele kalapona ma Thailand, akā he nui nā ʻoihana huila, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Thailand. ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana huila ua alakaʻi i kahi koi nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻeleʻele kalapona, e hopena ana i kahi hakahaka lako.
Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Tokai Carbon Corporation o Iapana i ka hopena o 2022 e hoʻolālā ana e kūkulu i kahi hale hana kalapona ʻeleʻele hou ma Rayong Province, Thailand. Hoʻolālā ia e hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana i Iulai 2023 a hoʻopau i ka hana ʻana ma mua o ʻApelila 2025, me ka hiki ke hana kalapona ʻeleʻele he 180000 tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka hoʻopukapuka kālā a Donghai Carbon Company i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale hana kalapona ʻeleʻele e hōʻike pū ana i ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaila o Thailand a me ka ulu ʻana o ke koi no kāna kalapona ʻeleʻele.
Inā e pau kēia hale hana, e hoʻopiha nui ia i ka hakahaka o 180000 tons/makahiki ma Thailand, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e hoʻemi ʻia ka hakahaka o ka ʻeleʻele kalapona Thai i kahi o 150000 tons/makahiki.
(2) Hoʻokomo mai ʻo Thailand i ka nui o ka ʻaila a me nā huahana pili i kēlā me kēia makahiki
Wahi a nā helu helu dute Kina, ʻo ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui aila i lawe ʻia aku mai Kina a i Thailand i ka makahiki 2022 ma kahi o 290000 tons, ʻo ka diesel a me ka ethylene tar ma kahi o 250000 tons, ʻo ka gasoline a me ka ethanol gasoline ma kahi o 110000 tons, ʻo ka kerosene ma kahi o 30000 tons, a ʻo ka aila wahie moku ma kahi o 25000 tons. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka nui o ka aila a me nā huahana pili i lawe ʻia mai e Thailand mai Kina mai ma mua o 700000 tons/makahiki, e hōʻike ana i kahi nui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-30-2023