Nūhou ʻOihana
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He aha ka Polyethylene (PE)?
ʻO Polyethylene (PE), i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he polythene a i ʻole polyethene, ʻo ia kekahi o nā plastics i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka honua. ʻO ka maʻamau, he ʻano linear ko Polyethylene a ua ʻike ʻia he mau polymers hoʻohui. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o kēia mau polymers synthetic i loko o ka ʻōpala. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Polyethelyne e hana i nā ʻeke plastic, nā ʻōmole, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni plastic, nā ipu, a me nā geomembranes. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hana ʻia ma mua o 100 miliona tone o ka polyethene i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā kumu kalepa a me nā ʻoihana. -
Ka nānā ʻana i ka hana o ka mākeke hoʻokuʻu aku PVC o koʻu ʻāina i ka hapa mua o 2022.
I ka hapa mua o 2022, ua piʻi ka mākeke hoʻokuʻu aku i ka PVC i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka hapaha mua, i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka hoʻokele waiwai honua a me ke ahulau, ua hōʻike nā ʻoihana hoʻokuʻu aku kūloko he nui ua emi iki ke koi no nā disks waho. Eia nō naʻe, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mei, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ke kūlana ahulau a me kekahi mau hana i hoʻolauna ʻia e ke aupuni Kina e paipai i ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai, ua kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka hana o nā ʻoihana hana PVC kūloko, ua mahana ka mākeke hoʻokuʻu aku PVC, a ua piʻi ka koi no nā disks waho. Hōʻike ka helu i kahi ʻano ulu, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana holoʻokoʻa o ka mākeke i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wā ma mua. -
He aha ka PVC i hoʻohana ʻia no?
Hoʻohana ʻia ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC, a i ʻole vinyl) i nā ʻano hana like ʻole i loko o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka mālama ola kino, nā mea uila, nā kaʻa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, i nā huahana mai ka paipu a me ka ʻaoʻao, nā ʻeke koko a me nā paipu, i ka insulation uea a me ke kaula, nā ʻāpana ʻōnaehana makani a me nā mea hou aku. -
Ke kokoke nei e hāʻawi ʻia aku ka papahana hoʻonui ethylene a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe miliona-tona o Hainan Refinery.
Aia ka Hainan Refining and Chemical Ethylene Project a me ka Refining Reconstruction and Expansion Project ma Yangpu Economic Development Zone, me ka huina kālā ma mua o 28 biliona yuan. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua hiki aku ka holomua o ke kūkulu ʻana i 98%. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka papahana a hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokele i nā ʻoihana downstream ma mua o 100 biliona yuan. E mālama ʻia ka Olefin Feedstock Diversification a me High-end Downstream Forum ma Sanya ma Iulai 27-28. Ma lalo o ke kūlana hou, e kūkākūkā ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā papahana nui e like me PDH, a me ka ethane cracking, ke ʻano o nā ʻenehana hou e like me ka ʻaila maka pololei i nā olefins, a me ka hanauna hou o ka lanahu/methanol i nā olefins. -
MIT: Hana nā microparticles copolymer polylactic-glycolic acid i ka lāʻau pale "hoʻomaikaʻi ponoʻī".
Ua hōʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ma ka Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ma ka puke pai ʻo Science Advances i hala koke aku nei e hoʻomohala ana lākou i kahi lāʻau pale hoʻoikaika ponoʻī hoʻokahi. Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau pale i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā manawa he nui me ka ʻole o ka pono no ka pana hoʻoikaika. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau pale hou e kūʻē i nā maʻi mai ka measles a i Covid-19. Ua hōʻike ʻia ua hana ʻia kēia lāʻau pale hou me nā ʻāpana poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). He hui polymer organic hana hiki ke hoʻohaumia ʻia ka PLGA, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia a he biocompatibility maikaʻi. Ua ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā Implants, sutures, nā mea hoʻoponopono, a pēlā aku. -
ʻOihana Kemika ʻo Yuneng: Ka hana ʻoihana mua o ka polyethylene sprayable!
I kēia mau lā iho nei, ua hoʻopuka pono ka ʻāpana LLDPE o ke kikowaena Polyolefin o Yuneng Chemical Company i ka DFDA-7042S, kahi huahana polyethylene pīpī. Ua maopopo he huahana ka huahana polyethylene pīpī i loaʻa mai ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana ma hope. ʻO ka mea polyethylene kūikawā me ka hana pīpī ma ka ʻili e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka hana kala maikaʻi ʻole o ka polyethylene a he ʻōlinolino kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka huahana i nā kahua hoʻonaninani a me ka pale, kūpono no nā huahana a nā keiki, nā loko o ke kaʻa, nā mea hoʻopili, a me nā pahu mālama ʻoihana nui a me nā mahiʻai, nā mea pāʻani, nā pale alanui, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he nui loa ka manaʻolana o ka mākeke. -
Ke hoʻi hou nei ʻo Petronas 1.65 miliona tons o ka polyolefin i ka mākeke ʻĀsia!
Wahi a nā nūhou hou loa, ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo Pengerang ma Johor Bahru, Malaysia, i kāna ʻāpana linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) 350,000-ton/makahiki ma Iulai 4, akā hiki i ka ʻāpana ke lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻokō ai i ka hana paʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻo kāna ʻenehana Spheripol 450,000 tons/makahiki polypropylene (PP) mea kanu, 400,000 tons/makahiki high-density polyethylene (HDPE) mea kanu a me ka ʻenehana Spherizone 450,000 tons/makahiki polypropylene (PP) mea kanu e manaʻo ʻia e piʻi aʻe mai kēia mahina e hoʻomaka hou. Wahi a ka loiloi a Argus, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o LLDPE ma Asia Hikina Hema me ka ʻole o ka ʻauhau ma Iulai 1 he US$1360-1380/ton CFR, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ke kaha uea PP ma Asia Hikina Hema ma Iulai 1 he US$1270-1300/ton CFR me ka ʻole o ka ʻauhau. -
Ua hoʻololi nā cigarette i nā ʻōpala plastik biodegradable ma India.
Ua hoʻoulu ka pāpā ʻana o India i 19 mau plastik hoʻohana hoʻokahi i nā loli i kāna ʻoihana cigarette. Ma mua o Iulai 1, ua hoʻololi nā mea hana cigarette India i kā lākou ʻōpala plastik maʻamau ma mua i nā ʻōpala plastik biodegradable. Ua ʻōlelo ka Tobacco Institute of India (TII) ua hoʻololi ʻia kā lākou mau lālā a ua hoʻokō nā plastik biodegradable i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kūlana honua, a me ke kūlana BIS i hoʻopuka hou ʻia. Ke ʻōlelo nei hoʻi lākou e hoʻomaka ka biodegradation o nā plastik biodegradable i ka launa pū ʻana me ka lepo a biodegrades maoli i ka composting me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoluhi ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala paʻa a me ka hana hou ʻana. -
Ka Loiloi Pōkole o ka Hana o ka Mākeke Calcium Carbide Kūloko i ka Hapa Mua o ka Makahiki.
I ka hapa mua o 2022, ʻaʻole i hoʻomau ka mākeke calcium carbide kūloko i ke ʻano loli ākea i ka makahiki 2021. Ua kokoke ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa i ka laina kumukūʻai, a ua kau ʻia i nā loli a me nā hoʻoponopono ma muli o ka hopena o nā mea maka, ka lako a me ke koi, a me nā kūlana ma lalo. I ka hapa mua o ka makahiki, ʻaʻohe mana hoʻonui hou o nā hale hana PVC calcium carbide kūloko, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi o ka mākeke calcium carbide. He mea paʻakikī no nā ʻoihana chlor-alkali e kūʻai ana i ka calcium carbide e mālama i kahi ukana paʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi. -
Ua pahū kahi mea hana PVC o kahi pilikua petrochemical ma ka Hikina Waena!
Ua hoʻolaha ka hui petrochemical nui o Turkey ʻo Petkim i ke ahiahi o Iune 19, 2022, ua pahū kahi pahū ma ka hale hana ʻo Aliaga. Ua hana ʻia ka ulia ma ka reactor PVC o ka hale hana, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻeha, ua hoʻomalu koke ʻia ke ahi, akā ua hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻāpana PVC no kekahi manawa ma muli o ka ulia. Hiki i ka hanana ke loaʻa ka hopena nui ma ka mākeke kiko PVC ʻEulopa. Ua hōʻike ʻia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o PVC ma Kina ma mua o nā huahana kūloko o Turkey, a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai kiko o PVC ma ʻEulopa ma mua o Turkey, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā huahana PVC a Petkim e hoʻouna ʻia aku nei i ka mākeke ʻEulopa. -
Hoʻomohala ʻo BASF i nā pā umu i uhi ʻia i ka PLA!
Ma Iune 30, 2022, ua hui pū ʻo BASF a me ka mea hana ʻōpala meaʻai ʻAukekulelia ʻo Confoil e hoʻomohala i kahi pā meaʻai pepa compostable i hōʻoia ʻia, ʻelua hana umu - DualPakECO®. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka pā pepa me ka ecovio® PS1606 a BASF, kahi bioplastic hana nui i hana ʻia e BASF. He plastic biodegradable hou ia (70% o ka ʻike) i hui pū ʻia me nā huahana ecoflex a BASF a me PLA, a hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā uhi no ka pepa a i ʻole ka pepa pahu meaʻai. Loaʻa iā lākou nā waiwai pale maikaʻi i nā momona, nā wai a me nā ʻala a hiki ke mālama i nā hoʻokuʻu kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo. -
Ke hoʻopili nei i nā olonā waikawa polylactic i nā ʻaʻahu kula.
Ua hana pū ʻo Fengyuan Bio-Fiber me Fujian Xintongxing e hoʻopili i ka fiber polylactic acid i nā lole komo kula. ʻO kāna hana omo wai a me ka hou maikaʻi loa he 8 mau manawa o nā fiber polyester maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai antibacterial o ka fiber PLA ma mua o nā fiber ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka 95% o ke kūpaʻa o ka fiber i ka wili ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā fiber kemika ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lole i hana ʻia me ka fiber polylactic acid he ʻoluʻolu i ka ʻili a pale i ka wai, mehana a hanu, a hiki ke pale i ka bacteria a me nā mites, a he pale lapalapa a pale ahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni o nā ʻaʻahu kula i hana ʻia me kēia lole, palekana a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi.