ʻO ka waiʻawaʻawa(NaOH) ʻo ia kekahi o nā meaʻai meaʻai kemika koʻikoʻi, me ka nui o ka hana makahiki o 106t.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo NaOH i ka kemika organik, i ka hana ʻana i ka alumini, i ka ʻoihana pepa, i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, i ka hana ʻana i nā detergents, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. wahi e ka electrolysis o ka sodium chloride.
He hopena koʻikoʻi ko Caustic soda i ka hapa nui o nā mea metala, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻano.Ua ʻike ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, eia naʻe, hōʻike ka nickel i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻinoʻino i ka soda caustic ma nā ʻano a me nā mahana a pau, e like me ka Hōʻike 1.Eia kekahi, koe na'e ma ke ki'eki'e ki'eki'e a me nā mahana, 'a'ole hiki i ka nickel ke ho'ohāhā i ke ko'iko'i-corrosion.No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ka nickel standard grade alloy 200 (EN 2.4066/UNS N02200) a me ka alloy 201 (EN 2.4068/UNS N02201) i kēia mau pae o ka hana ʻana i ka soda caustic, e koi ana i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe loa.ʻO nā cathodes i loko o ke kelepona electrolysis i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hana membrane i hana ʻia me nā pepa nickel pū kekahi.ʻO nā ʻāpana o lalo no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waiʻona i hana ʻia me ka nickel.Hana lākou e like me ka loina evaporation multi-stage me ka hāʻule ʻana o nā evaporators kiʻiʻoniʻoni.I kēia mau ʻāpana, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka nickel ma ke ʻano o nā paipu a i ʻole nā pepa paipu no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela ma mua o ka evaporation, e like me nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā palapala ʻaʻahu no nā ʻāpana pre-evaporation, a ma nā paipu no ka lawe ʻana i ka hopena caustic soda.Ma muli o ke kahe o ke kahe, hiki i nā kristal soda caustic (supersaturated solution) ke hoʻoulu i ka erosion ma luna o nā paipu hoʻololi wela, kahi e pono ai ke hoʻololi iā lākou ma hope o ka manawa hana o 2-5 mau makahiki.Hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina evaporator kiʻiʻoniʻoni hāʻule no ka hana ʻana i ka soda caustic anhydrous.Ma ke kaʻina hana hāʻule-kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hoʻomohala ʻia e Bertrams, hoʻohana ʻia ka paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma kahi mahana o 400 °C ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomehana.Pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu i hana ʻia me ka nickel nickel alloy haʻahaʻa 201 (EN 2.4068/UNS N02201) no ka mea ma nā mahana ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 315 °C (600 °F) ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona maʻamau o ka nickel grade alloy 200 (EN 2.4066/UNS N02200). ) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ua graphite ma nā palena palaoa.
ʻO Nickel ka mea i makemake nui ʻia no ke kūkulu ʻana no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka soda caustic kahi hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kila austenitic.Ma ke alo o nā mea haumia e like me nā chlorates a i ʻole nā pūhui sulfur - a i ʻole ke koi ʻia nā ikaika kiʻekiʻe - hoʻohana ʻia nā mea chromium e like me ka alloy 600 L (EN 2.4817/UNS N06600) i kekahi mau hihia.ʻO ka hoihoi nui no nā kaiapuni caustic ʻo ka chromium kiʻekiʻe i loaʻa ka alloy 33 (EN 1.4591/UNS R20033).Inā hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea, pono e hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i nā kūlana hana ke kumu i ka haki ʻana o ka stress-corrosion.
Hōʻike ka Alloy 33 (EN 1.4591/UNS R20033) i ke kūpaʻa ʻino maikaʻi loa ma 25 a me 50% NaOH a hiki i kahi paila a ma 70% NaOH ma 170 °C.Ua hōʻike pū kēia huila i ka hana maikaʻi loa ma nā hoʻokolohua kahua ma kahi mea kanu i hōʻike ʻia i ka soda caustic mai ke kaʻina diaphragm.39 Hōʻike ka Figure 21 i kekahi mau hopena e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o kēia diaphragm caustic liquor, i haumia me nā chloride a me nā chlorates.A hiki i ka 45% NaOH, nā mea hao 33 (EN 1.4591/UNS R20033) a me nickel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068/UNS N2201) e hōʻike ana i kahi kūʻē kūʻokoʻa.Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka alloy 33 e ʻoi aku ke kūpaʻa ma mua o ka nickel.No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāna huila chromium kiʻekiʻe 33 i ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena caustic me nā chloride a me ka hypochlorite mai ka diaphragm a i ʻole ke kaʻina cell mercury.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-21-2022